| Part of Speech | verb, transitive |
| Phonetic Form | (i·)ko |
| Tanema Equivalent | ~po |
| Lovono Equivalent | ~pu |
| Syntactic Restriction | alone |
| (Part of) Synonym (for) |
Example 1169:
A-ko ae?What did you say?
Example 1170:
Ka i-ko: “Eo pon, ive? Ka ai-ve?” Ini i-ko “Mm.” – “Ka menu vele?” I-ko “Menu tae!” I-ko “Tae, i-kae?”He said “How's things? Have you given birth?” She said “Yes.” – “But where is the baby?” She said “There is no baby!” He said “What do you mean, there's no baby?”
- Example Comment
- dialogue
- Example URL
- https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003353#S15
Example 1171:
Mwaliko kape i-woi ne teviri peini kuo ponu, awoiu kap’ i-ko “Ia! Takoli! Ia ia, takoli ! ia ia!”The boy will strike the canoe's hull, and then he'll go “Hey ho! Push! Hey ho! Push!”
- Example Comment
- future tense
- Example URL
- https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003350#S24
| Syntactic Restriction | qualifying an NP |
Example 81:
Na, piene adapa Teanu a-ko ae?How is this called in Teanu? [lit. this, in Teanu language, you say what?]
Example 1172:
toñaki pe kiapa li-ko ‘tepakare tilu’that sort of ship is called ‘catamaran’
Example 1173:
Tadoe iadapa pon, enga ini – dapa Lovono li-ko ‘Visipure’; ka dapa Teanu li-ko ‘Vilisao’.The god in question was called – in the Lovono language, (they say) ‘Fisipure’; in Teanu, ‘Filisao’.
| Syntactic Restriction | + Irrealis clause, different subject |
Example 893:
Ai’ one i-ovei piene Tetevo ka ni-ko u-vagasi ini pon ta.My father knows the language of Utupua, I suggest you contact him.
Example 1174:
Pe li-ko u-ke u-te maro etapu!But they forbade you from going out!
- Example Comment
- with Prohibitive [etapu](etapu_1)
- Example URL
- https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003352#S76
| Syntactic Restriction | + realis clause |
| (Part of) Synonym (for) |
Example 1175:
Li-ko kulumoe iadapa pine na, li-iumu li-romo temaka na.This large island, they believed they were the first ones to discover it.
- Example Comment
- the French navigators
Example 1176:
Ka pi-ko aplaka, iula toñaki wopine.You think it was a small one? (No!) that anchor was gigantic.
Example 1177:
Ni-ko li-abu dapa ne toñaki tae.I don't think they were killed on the ship.
| Syntactic Restriction | + Irrealis clause |
| Encyclopedic Info | Synt.: Modal attraction: ~ko itself often takes Irrealis, due to attraction (prolepsis) towards the mood of its complement. |
| (Part of) Synonym (for) |
Example 1178:
iepiene po ne-ko ni-atevo na…the story I'm about to tell…
Example 1179:
Wako. Nganae a-ko u-vete?Alright. What do you want to say?
- Example URL
- https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003351#S96
Example 1180:
Ne-ko ne-la awis pine iakapa ne-mini tili’ akapa Dr Alex.I wish to express our gratitude towards our brother Dr Alex.
Example 1181:
Ngele nga i-ko i-oburo buro ae pon, kape i-obur’ i-le.Whoever wants to sing a song, they can go ahead and sing.
- Example URL
- https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003350#S23
Example 1182:
Nganae le-ko l-ajau, i-wene moli teve dapa.Whatever they wish to do is easy to them.
- Example Comment
- Paradise
Example 1183:
Da viñevi kula awa dapa li-ko li-anu kava.Some women want to drink kava.
Example 1184:
Ne-ko ne-romo tamwase!I'd really love to see it!
- Example Comment
- with intensifier