| Part of Speech | 2nd verb, trans. |
| Phonetic Form | (i·)ko |
| Tanema Equivalent | ~po |
| Lovono Equivalent | ~pu |
| Syntactic Restriction | serialized after a verb of speech |
| Encyclopedic Info | Synt.: Equivalent of a Quotative particle. Usually not translated in English. |
Example 1185:
Ka i-viñ’ emel’ iape i-ko: “U-wai i-ka!”He told his wife (saying) “Paddle this way!”
- Example URL
- https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003351#S36
Example 1186:
Ka i-waivo ñe dapa i-ko: “Wako, kape le-si nga ne.”He explained to them (saying) “Alright, here is how you can write.”
Example 1187:
Buro pe li-mede i-ka pon li-ko: “…”The song they were singing went like this: “…”
- Example URL
- https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003351#S157
| Sense Comment | somet |
Example 1188:
Aero i-dadai i-ko “—”. Aero, aero pine!The fence was going around, it went like this: “—” [Gesture]. It was a giant fence!
| Syntactic Restriction | serialized after a verb of speech |
| Encyclopedic Info | Synt.: Common after verbs such as ~vete ‘say’, ~viñi ‘tell’, ~watebo ‘ask’, ~atevo ‘narrate’, ~waivo ‘explain’, ~lengi ‘hear’, ~romo ‘see’. |
Example 1189:
Ne buka ponu, uie kwate tamana iune, li-vete li-ko piene ponu li-la teve dapa Tukupie.In the book, page thirty one, they say (that) the story was recorded from the Tikopians.
Example 1190:
Ka ni-lengi li-ko ka nga iune i-te nga ponu tae.I never heard that [lit. they say] anyone stayed there.
- Example Comment
- different subject of ‘hear’ and ‘say’
Example 1191:
Ka ni-lengi ni-ko dapa kula li-te tae.I never heard that [lit. never I-heard I-say] there was anyone else there.
- Example Comment
- same subject of ‘hear’ and ‘say’: agreement
Example 1192:
I-ko i-romo abo ne kaipa i-ko pi-tavie we tae.He wants to examine your blood to see if you are sick.
| Syntactic Restriction | serialized after a verb of perception or thought |
Example 534:
Ni-vodo ni-ko eo ka uña damiliko iono pi-te wako.I hope that you and your children are well.
Example 1193:
I-romo i-ko menu tae.She saw (that) there was no baby.
- Example URL
- https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003353#S12
Example 1194:
Basavono ponu li-ovei li-ko toñaki kape i-ka i-la dapa ponu.At that moment, they knew that the ship was going to come and rescue them.
Example 1195:
Ene ni-mui ni-ko kape n-ajau nganae kape wako.I don't know what to do.
Example 1196:
Kupa, awa kupa i-viane pi-ko u-ro toñaki ponu.We really want you to look at that ship over there.
- Example Comment
- serialized to [awa ~viane](LX000057) ‘we want’
| Syntactic Restriction | serialized; somet. followed by me and/or kape |
| (Part of) Synonym (for) |
Example 1197:
Li-iu dapa li-bei dapa ñe voko li-ko nga uo.They would bury them and cover them with stones, [they meant it] like a cairn.
Example 1198:
Ni-tab’ menu ba-ko ba-wo mina moe iakapa na.I lifted my child so we could run away from our house.
- Example Comment
- serial pattern
Example 1199:
Ka i-loko voko i-bei ñi i-ko nara idi kape le-l’ le-la.He laid some stones above it so nobody could come and steal it.
- Example Comment
- Apprehensional [nara](nara_2)
- Example URL
- https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003270#S9
| Literally | saying that (it) is |
| Syntactic Restriction | + non-verbal predicate |
Example 1200:
Li-labu ene li-ko tili' adapa.They have adopted me as their brother.